INTRICARE publications

 

Dai L, Schurgers L, Shiels PG, Stenvinkel P. A biomimetic natural sciences approach to understanding the mechanisms of ageing in burden of lifestyle diseases. Clin Sci (Lond). 2021 May 28;135(10):1251-1272. doi: 10.1042/CS20201452. PMID: 34037207.

Samal SK, Qureshi AR, Rahman M, Stenvinkel P, Frostegård J. Antibodies against Malondialdehyde in Haemodialysis Patients and Its Association with Clinical Outcomes: Differences between Subclasses and Isotypes. J Clin Med. 2020 Mar 11;9(3):753. doi: 10.3390/jcm9030753. PMID: 32168733; PMCID: PMC7141181.

Dai L, Plunde O, Qureshi AR, Lindholm B, Brismar TB, Schurgers LJ, Söderberg M, Ripsweden J, Bäck M, Stenvinkel P. Aortic Valve Calcium Associates with All-Cause Mortality Independent of Coronary Artery Calcium and Inflammation in Patients with End-Stage Renal Disease. J Clin Med. 2020 Feb 24;9(2):607. doi: 10.3390/jcm9020607. PMID: 32102408; PMCID: PMC7074421.

Debowska M, Dai L, Wojcik-Zaluska A, Poleszczuk J, Zaluska W, Lindholm B, Waniewski J. Association between Biomarkers of Mineral and Bone Metabolism and Removal of Calcium and Phosphate in Hemodialysis. Blood Purif. 2020;49(1-2):71-78. doi: 10.1159/000503623. Epub 2019 Nov 14. PMID: 31726453.

van Dijk AC, Donkel SJ, Zadi T, Sonneveld MAH, Schreuder FHBM, Chohan MF, Koudstaal PJ, Leebeek FWG, Saxena R, Hendrikse J, Kooi ME, van der Lugt A, de Maat MPM. Association between fibrinogen and fibrinogen γ' and atherosclerotic plaque morphology and composition in symptomatic carotid artery stenosis: Plaque-At-RISK study. Thromb Res. 2019 May;177:130-135. doi: 10.1016/j.thromres.2019.02.030. Epub 2019 Feb 27. PMID: 30897531.

Iseri K, Dai L, Chen Z, Qureshi AR, Brismar TB, Stenvinkel P, Lindholm B. Bone mineral density and mortality in end-stage renal disease patients. Clin Kidney J. 2020 Jun 26;13(3):307-321. doi: 10.1093/ckj/sfaa089. PMID: 32699616; PMCID: PMC7367137.

Iseri K, Qureshi AR, Dai L, Ripsweden J, Heimbürger O, Barany P, Bergström I, Stenvinkel P, Brismar TB, Lindholm B. Bone mineral density at different sites and 5 years mortality in end-stage renal disease patients: A cohort study. Bone. 2020 Jan;130:115075. doi: 10.1016/j.bone.2019.115075. Epub 2019 Oct 24. PMID: 31669253.

Feldreich T, Nowak C, Fall T, Carlsson AC, Carrero JJ, Ripsweden J, Qureshi AR, Heimbürger O, Barany P, Stenvinkel P, Vuilleumier N, Kalra PA, Green D, Ärnlöv J. Circulating proteins as predictors of cardiovascular mortality in end-stage renal disease. J Nephrol. 2019 Feb;32(1):111-119. doi: 10.1007/s40620-018-0556-5. Epub 2018 Nov 29. PMID: 30499038; PMCID: PMC6373380.

Golembiewska E, Qureshi AR, Dai L, Lindholm B, Heimbürger O, Söderberg M, Brismar TB, Ripsweden J, Barany P, Johnson RJ, Stenvinkel P. Copeptin is independently associated with vascular calcification in chronic kidney disease stage 5. BMC Nephrol. 2020 Feb 7;21(1):43. doi: 10.1186/s12882-020-1710-6. PMID: 32033584; PMCID: PMC7006395.

Karlöf E, Seime T, Dias N, Lengquist M, Witasp A, Almqvist H, Kronqvist M, Gådin JR, Odeberg J, Maegdefessel L, Stenvinkel P, Matic LP, Hedin U. Correlation of computed tomography with carotid plaque transcriptomes associates calcification with lesion-stabilization. Atherosclerosis. 2019 Sep;288:175-185. doi: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2019.05.005. Epub 2019 May 11. PMID: 31109707.

de Almeida Alvarenga L , Borges NA , Moreira LSG , Resende Teixeira KT , Carraro-Eduardo JC , Dai L , Stenvinkel P , Lindholm B , Mafra D . Cranberries - potential benefits in patients with chronic kidney disease. Food Funct. 2019 Jun 19;10(6):3103-3112. doi: 10.1039/c9fo00375d. PMID: 31140512.

Cardozo LFMF, Alvarenga LA, Ribeiro M, Dai L, Shiels PG, Stenvinkel P, Lindholm B, Mafra D. Cruciferous vegetables: rationale for exploring potential salutary effects of sulforaphane-rich foods in patients with chronic kidney disease. Nutr Rev. 2020 Dec 18:nuaa129. doi: 10.1093/nutrit/nuaa129. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 33338213.

Kuppe C, Ibrahim MM, Kranz J, Zhang X, Ziegler S, Perales-Patón J, Jansen J, Reimer KC, Smith JR, Dobie R, Wilson-Kanamori JR, Halder M, Xu Y, Kabgani N, Kaesler N, Klaus M, Gernhold L, Puelles VG, Huber TB, Boor P, Menzel S, Hoogenboezem RM, Bindels EMJ, Steffens J, Floege J, Schneider RK, Saez-Rodriguez J, Henderson NC, Kramann R. Decoding myofibroblast origins in human kidney fibrosis. Nature. 2021 Jan;589(7841):281-286. doi: 10.1038/s41586-020-2941-1. Epub 2020 Nov 11. PMID: 33176333.

Holmar J, Noels H, Böhm M, Bhargava S, Jankowski J, Orth-Alampour S. Development, establishment and validation of in vitro and ex vivo assays of vascular calcification. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2020 Sep 17;530(2):462-470. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.05.085. Epub 2020 Jun 17. PMID: 32560961.

Samal SK, Qureshi AR, Rahman M, Stenvinkel P, Frostegård J. Different subclasses and isotypes of antibodies against phosphorylcholine in haemodialysis patients: association with mortality. Clin Exp Immunol. 2020 Jul;201(1):94-104. doi: 10.1111/cei.13441. Epub 2020 May 18. PMID: 32297318; PMCID: PMC7290086.

Dai L, Qureshi AR, Witasp A, Lindholm B, Stenvinkel P. Early Vascular Ageing and Cellular Senescence in Chronic Kidney Disease. Comput Struct Biotechnol J. 2019 Jun 18;17:721-729. doi: 10.1016/j.csbj.2019.06.015. PMID: 31303976; PMCID: PMC6603301.

Dai L, Schurgers LJ, Shiels PG, Stenvinkel P. Early vascular ageing in chronic kidney disease: impact of inflammation, vitamin K, senescence and genomic damage. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2020 Mar 1;35(Suppl 2):ii31-ii37. doi: 10.1093/ndt/gfaa006. PMID: 32162665; PMCID: PMC7066546.

Koenen RR, Aikawa E. Editorial: Extracellular Vesicle-Mediated Processes in Cardiovascular Diseases. Front Cardiovasc Med. 2018 Sep 19;5:133. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2018.00133. PMID: 30283791; PMCID: PMC6157324.

Florea A, Kooi ME, Mess W, Schurgers LJ, Bucerius J, Mottaghy FM. Effects of Combined Vitamin K2 and Vitamin D3 Supplementation on Na[18F]F PET/MRI in Patients with Carotid Artery Disease: The INTRICATE Rationale and Trial Design. Nutrients. 2021 Mar 19;13(3):994. doi: 10.3390/nu13030994. PMID: 33808652; PMCID: PMC8003489.

Dickhout A, Koenen RR. Extracellular Vesicles as Biomarkers in Cardiovascular Disease; Chances and Risks. Front Cardiovasc Med. 2018 Aug 22;5:113. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2018.00113. PMID: 30186839; PMCID: PMC6113364.

Dai L, Li L, Erlandsson H, Jaminon AMG, Qureshi AR, Ripsweden J, Brismar TB, Witasp A, Heimbürger O, Jørgensen HS, Barany P, Lindholm B, Evenepoel P, Schurgers LJ, Stenvinkel P. Functional vitamin K insufficiency, vascular calcification and mortality in advanced chronic kidney disease: A cohort study. PLoS One. 2021 Feb 24;16(2):e0247623. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0247623. PMID: 33626087; PMCID: PMC7904143.

Altunay B, Morgenroth A, Beheshti M, Vogg A, Wong NCL, Ting HH, Biersack HJ, Stickeler E, Mottaghy FM. HER2-directed antibodies, affibodies and nanobodies as drug-delivery vehicles in breast cancer with a specific focus on radioimmunotherapy and radioimmunoimaging. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2021 May;48(5):1371-1389. doi: 10.1007/s00259-020-05094-1. Epub 2020 Nov 12. PMID: 33179151; PMCID: PMC8113197.

Schurgers LJ, Akbulut AC, Kaczor DM, Halder M, Koenen RR, Kramann R. Initiation and Propagation of Vascular Calcification Is Regulated by a Concert of Platelet- and Smooth Muscle Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles. Front Cardiovasc Med. 2018 Apr 6;5:36. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2018.00036. PMID: 29682509; PMCID: PMC5897433.

Heuschkel MA, Skenteris NT, Hutcheson JD, van der Valk DD, Bremer J, Goody P, Hjortnaes J, Jansen F, Bouten CVC, van den Bogaerdt A, Matic L, Marx N, Goettsch C. Integrative Multi-Omics Analysis in Calcific Aortic Valve Disease Reveals a Link to the Formation of Amyloid-Like Deposits. Cells. 2020 Sep 24;9(10):2164. doi: 10.3390/cells9102164. PMID: 32987857; PMCID: PMC7600313.

Mukai H, Dai L, Chen Z, Lindholm B, Ripsweden J, Brismar TB, Heimbürger O, Barany P, Qureshi AR, Söderberg M, Bäck M, Stenvinkel P. Inverse J-shaped relation between coronary arterial calcium density and mortality in advanced chronic kidney disease. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2020 Jul 1;35(7):1202-1211. doi: 10.1093/ndt/gfy352. PMID: 30534995.

Röhl S, Suur BE, Lengquist M, Seime T, Caidahl K, Hedin U, Arner A, Matic L, Razuvaev A. Lack of PCSK6 Increases Flow-Mediated Outward Arterial Remodeling in Mice. Cells. 2020 Apr 18;9(4):1009. doi: 10.3390/cells9041009. PMID: 32325687; PMCID: PMC7225991.

Florea A, Morgenroth A, Bucerius J, Schurgers LJ, Mottaghy FM. Locking and loading the bullet against micro-calcification. Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2020 Mar 2:2047487320911138. doi: 10.1177/2047487320911138. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 32122194.

Kassem M, Florea A, Mottaghy FM, van Oostenbrugge R, Kooi ME. Magnetic resonance imaging of carotid plaques: current status and clinical perspectives. Ann Transl Med. 2020 Oct;8(19):1266. doi: 10.21037/atm-2020-cass-16. PMID: 33178798; PMCID: PMC7607136.

Jaminon AMG, Dai L, Qureshi AR, Evenepoel P, Ripsweden J, Söderberg M, Witasp A, Olauson H, Schurgers LJ, Stenvinkel P. Matrix Gla protein is an independent predictor of both intimal and medial vascular calcification in chronic kidney disease. Sci Rep. 2020 Apr 20;10(1):6586. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-63013-8. PMID: 32313061; PMCID: PMC7171129.

Crombag GAJC, Schreuder FHBM, van Hoof RHM, Truijman MTB, Wijnen NJA, Vöö SA, Nelemans PJ, Heeneman S, Nederkoorn PJ, Daemen JH, Daemen MJAP, Mess WH, Wildberger JE, van Oostenbrugge RJ, Kooi ME. Microvasculature and intraplaque hemorrhage in atherosclerotic carotid lesions: a cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging study. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2019 Mar 4;21(1):15. doi: 10.1186/s12968-019-0524-9. PMID: 30832656; PMCID: PMC6398220.

Crombag GAJC, Spronk HM, Nelemans P, Schreuder FHBM, Truijman MTB, van Dijk AC, de Rotte AAJ, Liem MI, Daemen MJAP, van der Steen AFW, Mess WH, Nederkoorn PJ, Hendrikse J, van der Lugt A, Wildberger JE, Ten Cate H, van Oostenbrugge RJ, Kooi ME. No Association between Thrombin Generation and Intra-Plaque Haemorrhage in Symptomatic Carotid Atherosclerotic Plaques: The Plaque at RISK (PARISK) Study. Thromb Haemost. 2018 Aug;118(8):1461-1469. doi: 10.1055/s-0038-1666858. Epub 2018 Jul 4. PMID: 29972860.

Aizaz M, Moonen RPM, van der Pol JAJ, Prieto C, Botnar RM, Kooi ME. PET/MRI of atherosclerosis. Cardiovasc Diagn Ther. 2020 Aug;10(4):1120-1139. doi: 10.21037/cdt.2020.02.09. PMID: 32968664; PMCID: PMC7487378.

Dai L, Debowska M, Lukaszuk T, Bobrowski L, Barany P, Söderberg M, Thiagarajan D, Frostegård J, Wennberg L, Lindholm B, Qureshi AR, Waniewski J, Stenvinkel P. Phenotypic features of vascular calcification in chronic kidney disease. J Intern Med. 2020 Apr;287(4):422-434. doi: 10.1111/joim.13012. Epub 2019 Dec 10. PMID: 31823455.

Samal SK, Fröbert O, Kindberg J, Stenvinkel P, Frostegård J. Potential natural immunization against atherosclerosis in hibernating bears. Sci Rep. 2021 Jun 9;11(1):12120. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-91679-1. PMID: 34108551; PMCID: PMC8190116.

Artiach G, Carracedo M, Seime T, Plunde O, Laguna-Fernandez A, Matic L, Franco-Cereceda A, Bäck M. Proteoglycan 4 is Increased in Human Calcified Aortic Valves and Enhances Valvular Interstitial Cell Calcification. Cells. 2020 Mar 11;9(3):684. doi: 10.3390/cells9030684. PMID: 32168892; PMCID: PMC7140654.

Seime T, Akbulut AC, Liljeqvist ML, Siika A, Jin H, Winski G, van Gorp RH, Karlöf E, Lengquist M, Buckler AJ, Kronqvist M, Waring OJ, Lindeman JHN, Biessen EAL, Maegdefessel L, Razuvaev A, Schurgers LJ, Hedin U, Matic L. Proteoglycan 4 Modulates Osteogenic Smooth Muscle Cell Differentiation during Vascular Remodeling and Intimal Calcification. Cells. 2021 May 21;10(6):1276. doi: 10.3390/cells10061276. PMID: 34063989; PMCID: PMC8224064.

Dickhout A, Kaczor DM, Heinzmann ACA, Brouns SLN, Heemskerk JWM, van Zandvoort MAMJ, Koenen RR. Rapid Internalization and Nuclear Translocation of CCL5 and CXCL4 in Endothelial Cells. Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Jul 8;22(14):7332. doi: 10.3390/ijms22147332. PMID: 34298951; PMCID: PMC8305033.

Furmanik M, Chatrou M, van Gorp R, Akbulut A, Willems B, Schmidt H, van Eys G, Bochaton-Piallat ML, Proudfoot D, Biessen E, Hedin U, Perisic L, Mees B, Shanahan C, Reutelingsperger C, Schurgers L. Reactive Oxygen-Forming Nox5 Links Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Phenotypic Switching and Extracellular Vesicle-Mediated Vascular Calcification. Circ Res. 2020 Sep 11;127(7):911-927. doi: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.119.316159. Epub 2020 Jun 22. PMID: 32564697.

Petri MH, Thul S, Andonova T, Lindquist-Liljeqvist M, Jin H, Skenteris NT, Arnardottir H, Maegdefessel L, Caidahl K, Perretti M, Roy J, Bäck M. Resolution of Inflammation Through the Lipoxin and ALX/FPR2 Receptor Pathway Protects Against Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms. JACC Basic Transl Sci. 2018 Dec 31;3(6):719-727. doi: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2018.08.005. PMID: 30623131; PMCID: PMC6314955.

Kyriakidis NC, Cobo G, Dai L, Lindholm B, Stenvinkel P. Role of Uremic Toxins in Early Vascular Ageing and Calcification. Toxins (Basel). 2021 Jan 3;13(1):26. doi: 10.3390/toxins13010026. PMID: 33401534; PMCID: PMC7824162.

Dai L, Watanabe M, Qureshi AR, Mukai H, Machowska A, Heimbürger O, Barany P, Lindholm B, Stenvinkel P. Serum 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine, a marker of oxidative DNA damage, is associated with mortality independent of inflammation in chronic kidney disease. Eur J Intern Med. 2019 Oct;68:60-65. doi: 10.1016/j.ejim.2019.07.035. Epub 2019 Aug 9. PMID: 31402276.

Aubert CE, Liabeuf S, Amouyal C, Kemel S, Lajat-Kiss F, Lacorte JM, Halbron M, Carlier A, Salem JE, Funck-Brentano C, Perisic Matic L, Witasp A, Stenvinkel P, Phan F, Massy ZA, Hartemann A, Bourron O. Serum concentration and vascular expression of adiponectin are differentially associated with the diabetic calcifying peripheral arteriopathy. Diabetol Metab Syndr. 2019 Apr 29;11:32. doi: 10.1186/s13098-019-0429-7. PMID: 31168327; PMCID: PMC6489190.

Dai L, Meijers BK, Bammens B, de Loor H, Schurgers LJ, Qureshi AR, Stenvinkel P, Evenepoel P. Sevelamer Use in End-Stage Kidney Disease (ESKD) Patients Associates with Poor Vitamin K Status and High Levels of Gut-Derived Uremic Toxins: A Drug-Bug Interaction? Toxins (Basel). 2020 May 27;12(6):351. doi: 10.3390/toxins12060351. PMID: 32471179; PMCID: PMC7354623.

Mukai H, Svedberg O, Lindholm B, Dai L, Heimbürger O, Barany P, Anderstam B, Stenvinkel P, Qureshi AR. Skin autofluorescence, arterial stiffness and Framingham risk score as predictors of clinical outcome in chronic kidney disease patients: a cohort study. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2019 Mar 1;34(3):442-448. doi: 10.1093/ndt/gfx371. PMID: 29378035.

Florea A, Sigl JP, Morgenroth A, Vogg A, Sahnoun S, Winz OH, Bucerius J, Schurgers LJ, Mottaghy FM. Sodium [18F]Fluoride PET Can Efficiently Monitor In Vivo Atherosclerotic Plaque Calcification Progression and Treatment. Cells. 2021 Jan 30;10(2):275. doi: 10.3390/cells10020275. PMID: 33573188; PMCID: PMC7911917.

Crombag GAJC, van Hoof RHM, Holtackers RJ, Schreuder FHBM, Truijman MTB, Schreuder TAHCML, van Orshoven NP, Mess WH, Hofman PAM, van Oostenbrugge RJ, Wildberger JE, Kooi ME. Symptomatic Carotid Plaques Demonstrate Less Leaky Plaque Microvasculature Compared With the Contralateral Side: A Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study. J Am Heart Assoc. 2019 Apr 16;8(8):e011832. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.118.011832. PMID: 30971168; PMCID: PMC6507193.

Bucerius J, Dijkgraaf I, Mottaghy FM, Schurgers LJ. Target identification for the diagnosis and intervention of vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques beyond 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography imaging: promising tracers on the horizon. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2019 Jan;46(1):251-265. doi: 10.1007/s00259-018-4176-z. Epub 2018 Oct 9. PMID: 30302506; PMCID: PMC6267660.

Wasilewski GB, Vervloet MG, Schurgers LJ. The Bone-Vasculature Axis: Calcium Supplementation and the Role of Vitamin K. Front Cardiovasc Med. 2019 Feb 5;6:6. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2019.00006. PMID: 30805347; PMCID: PMC6370658.

Alves FC, Sun J, Qureshi AR, Dai L, Snaedal S, Bárány P, Heimbürger O, Lindholm B, Stenvinkel P. The higher mortality associated with low serum albumin is dependent on systemic inflammation in end-stage kidney disease. PLoS One. 2018 Jan 3;13(1):e0190410. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0190410. PMID: 29298330; PMCID: PMC5752034.

Reinhold S, Blankesteijn WM, Foulquier S. The Interplay of WNT and PPARγ Signaling in Vascular Calcification. Cells. 2020 Dec 10;9(12):2658. doi: 10.3390/cells9122658. PMID: 33322009; PMCID: PMC7763279.

Foulquier S, Caolo V, Swennen G, Milanova I, Reinhold S, Recarti C, Alenina N, Bader M, Steckelings UM, Vanmierlo T, Post MJ, Jones EA, van Oostenbrugge RJ, Unger T. The role of receptor MAS in microglia-driven retinal vascular development. Angiogenesis. 2019 Nov;22(4):481-489. doi: 10.1007/s10456-019-09671-3. Epub 2019 Jun 20. PMID: 31240418; PMCID: PMC6863789.

Jaminon A, Reesink K, Kroon A, Schurgers L. The Role of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells in Arterial Remodeling: Focus on Calcification-Related Processes. Int J Mol Sci. 2019 Nov 14;20(22):5694. doi: 10.3390/ijms20225694. PMID: 31739395; PMCID: PMC6888164.

Röhl S, Rykaczewska U, Seime T, Suur BE, Gonzalez Diez M, Gådin JR, Gainullina A, Sergushichev AA, Wirka, Lengquist M, Kronqvist M, Bergman O, Odeberg, Lindeman JHN, Quertermous T, Hamsten A, Eriksson P, Hedin U, Razuvaev A, Perisic Matic L. Transcriptomic profiling of experimental arterial injury reveals new mechanisms and temporal dynamics in vascular healing response. JVS: Vascular Science. 2020; 1:13-27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvssci.2020.01.001

Halder M, Petsophonsakul P, Akbulut AC, Pavlic A, Bohan F, Anderson E, Maresz K, Kramann R, Schurgers L. Vitamin K: Double Bonds beyond Coagulation Insights into Differences between Vitamin K1 and K2 in Health and Disease. Int J Mol Sci. 2019 Feb 19;20(4):896. doi: 10.3390/ijms20040896. PMID: 30791399; PMCID: PMC6413124.

Akbulut AC, Pavlic A, Petsophonsakul P, Halder M, Maresz K, Kramann R, Schurgers L. Vitamin K2 Needs an RDI Separate from Vitamin K1. Nutrients. 2020 Jun 21;12(6):1852. doi: 10.3390/nu12061852. PMID: 32575901; PMCID: PMC7353270.

Reinhold S, Blankesteijn WM. Wnt/β-Catenin Inhibitor Dickkopf 1. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2019 Feb;39(2):121-123. doi: 10.1161/ATVBAHA.118.312144. PMID: 30673348.

Skenteris NT, Seime T, Witasp A, Karlöf E, Wasilewski GB, Heuschkel MA, Jaminon AMG, Oduor L, Dzhanaev R, Kronqvist M, Lengquist M, Peeters FECM, Söderberg M, Hultgren R, Roy J, Maegdefessel L, Arnardottir H, Bengtsson E, Goncalves I, Quertermous T, Goettsch C, Stenvinkel P, Schurgers LJ, Matic L. Osteomodulin attenuates smooth muscle cell osteogenic transition in vascular calcification. Clin Transl Med. 2022 Feb;12(2):e682. doi: 10.1002/ctm2.682. PMID: 35184400.